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301.

The iliac crest is a feature of which bone?

Pubis

Ischium

Ilium

Sacrum

Explanation Comments

Answer: Ilium

Explanation:

The iliac crest is the superior border of the ilium, the largest of the three pelvic bones. It serves as an attachment site for muscles and ligaments of the trunk and lower limb.

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302.

Which bone forms the prominence of the chin?

Mandible

Hyoid bone

Zygomatic bone

Maxilla

Explanation Comments

Answer: Mandible

Explanation:

The mandible, or lower jawbone, forms the prominence of the chin and articulates with the temporal bones of the skull to form the temporomandibular joint.

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303.

Which bone articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint?

Femur

Tibia

Patella

Fibula

Explanation Comments

Answer: Femur

Explanation:

The femur, or thigh bone, articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint, a ball-and-socket joint that allows for a wide range of motion.

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304.

Which hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood?

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Cortisol

Thyroxine

Insulin

Explanation Comments

Answer: Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Explanation:

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released by the parathyroid glands and acts to increase blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium release from bones, enhancing calcium absorption in the intestines, and reducing calcium loss in the kidneys.

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305.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?

Regulation of blood volume

Production of insulin

Regulation of blood pressure

Removal of metabolic waste products

Explanation Comments

Answer: Production of insulin

Explanation:

Insulin is produced by the pancreas, not the kidneys. The kidneys' functions include regulation of blood volume, blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and the removal of metabolic waste products.

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306.

Which organ is responsible for the production of bile?

Liver

Pancreas

Gallbladder

Small intestine

Explanation Comments

Answer: Liver

Explanation:

Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder before being released into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats.

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307.

Which of the following hormones is responsible for increasing blood sugar levels?

Glucagon

Cortisol

Thyroxine

Insulin

Explanation Comments

Answer: Glucagon

Explanation:

Glucagon is released by the pancreas and acts to increase blood sugar levels by promoting glycogen breakdown in the liver and stimulating gluconeogenesis.

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308.

Which of the following is NOT a component of blood?

Mitochondria

Lymphocytes

Platelets

Plasma

Explanation Comments

Answer: Mitochondria

Explanation:

Mitochondria are organelles found within cells and are not components of blood. Blood components include red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.

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309.

What is the primary function of the endocrine system?

Regulation of body temperature

Digestion of nutrients

Production of hormones

Coordination of voluntary movements

Explanation Comments

Answer: Production of hormones

Explanation:

The endocrine system is responsible for producing and secreting hormones that regulate various physiological processes, including metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, and stress response.

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310.

What is the role of insulin in the body?

Stimulates gluconeogenesis

Promotes glycogen breakdown

Decreases blood sugar levels

Increases blood sugar levels

Explanation Comments

Answer: Decreases blood sugar levels

Explanation:

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that acts to decrease blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells, glycogen synthesis, and inhibiting gluconeogenesis.

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